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Session 1 - Introductions, How to Sit & Mindfulness of Breathing




1)Beginning Meditation (5-8 minutes): Guided, bringing minds into the present, settling into our bodies, finding the breath and following it.

2)Introductions

3)Group Operations and Structure

a)Session Structure

i)~ 1-1/2 hour

ii)Will normally begin with a 10-15 minute guided meditation period, reviewing the previous week’s instructions.(This allows people to get a refresher on the instructions and for people to catch up if they missed the previous week's class.)

iii)Then will take time for questions/discussion about previous week’s practice

iv)Main talk

v)Questions from talk or practice

vi)One or more periods of meditation practice

vii)Questions/discussion

viii)Notebook - Satipatthana Sutra and Notes

ix)Book: The Four Foundations of Mindfulness by U Silananda (Wisdom Publications)

(1)Sign-up Sheet to Order

b)Practice at Home

i)Importance of Daily Practice, a skill just like playing the piano

ii)Amount of practice: 10-45 minutes/ day

iii)Play with this! Be curious!

iv)Be kind to yourselves!

c)Cost: Dana

i)I am committed to making these teachings available regardless of a person’s ability to pay, so it is offered on a donation basis.

ii)No expected amount, can be $0 or whatever you feel this course is worth to you.

iii)When the Buddha came to a new town where he was not yet accepted as the teacher of those present, he would first talk to them about generosity as the first step along the path to freedom.So I want to offer the same to you - without any expectation, but with gratitude for whatever you feel is appropriate for you.

d)Any questions about any of this?

4)The Satipatthana Sutra

a)Background and Setting

i)Where does it fit in the teachings (Four Noble Truths)? (Elephant's footprint analogy)

(1)Concentration Section (Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, Right Concentration) of the Noble Eightfold Path, which is the Fourth Noble Truth.

(2)Also, Wisdom Section (Right View and Right Intention)

(3)The Virtue Section (Right Action, Right Speech and Right Livelihood) had already been well established by his audience.

ii)Summary of the Sutra

(1)It proceeds from the gross to the subtle.

(2)Assurance of Attainment - 7 years; 7 months; 7 days - "in such a way" - can expect full realization, or if a trace of clinging remains, the stage of Non-Returner.

b)Introduction

i)The meaning:

(1)Compoud word: Satipatthana = Sati (mindfulness) Upatthana (Setting up or Establishment)

(2)Or Sati (Mindfulness) Patthana (Foundations or Basis)

ii)Where it appears: MajjhimaNikaya 10 and DighaNikaya 22 (difference=detailed exposition on 4NT)

iii)"Thus I have heard"- Ananda had audiographic memory (read his 8 conditions to serve)

iv)"Bhikkus"- anyone who accepts and follows the Buddha's teachings

v)Setting: Kurus - people with virtuous meditation practice

vi)"This is the only way" ("direct path" MN10; "this one way" DN22)

(1)The only way to look deeply within oneself.

(2)The way goes in one direction only: clarity of mind.

(3)The way must be walked by each person alone.

(4)It was traveled by the Noble one, the way of the Buddha.

vii)"Purification of beings"- for the cleansing of the mind soiled by the stains of greed, hatred and delusion.

viii)"Overcoming of sorrow and lamentation"

(1)sorrow = sadness

(2)lamentation = crying when sadness becomes to great to bear.

ix)"For the disappearance of pain and grief" - physical and mental suffering, respectively.

x)"For reaching the Noble Path"- 4 levels of enlightenment: Stream Winner, Once Returner, Non-Returner, Aranhant

xi)"For the realization of Nibbana"- complete release from suffering and its causes.

xii)What four? body, feelings, consciousness and dhammas (mind objects)

(1)"Body in the body"- cut away with the scalpel of mindfulness everything other than the object of attention: "the body".It's not "my body", but merely "the body"

(2)"Ardently"

(a)inceptive energy - starting again, and again, and again -- whenever the mind wanders; it's cultivated by practice (weightlifting analogy).

(b)sustained energy - keeping it on the object of awareness (with momentary concentration).

(c)courageous energy - the courage to stay present with whatever arises; to see it's true nature.

(3)"Clearly comprehending"- 3 characteristics are seen directly

(a)Impermanence - constant change

(b)Unsatisfactoriness

(i)Not getting what you want;

(ii)Striving to achieve what you want;

(iii)Afraid of losing what you've striven for;

(iv)Suffering from the inevitable loss - everything is impermanent.

(c)Selflessness

(i)Lack of solidity - everything is in a constant state of becoming something other than it was a moment ago.

(ii)Lack of substantiality - everything we can describe is a concept; every object is made up of non-object components and has come about due to causes and conditions -- without any of the supporting causes and conditions, that object would not be there.

(4)"Mindful"- a certain quality of attention that is bare of judgment, decision or commentary.

(5)"Removing covetousness and grief in the world"

(a)Covetousness = greed or craving.

(b)Grief = aversion or displeasure.

(6)The combination of ardency, clear comprehension and mindfulness leads to concentration.

a)Mindfulness of the Body

i)"And how, bhikkhus, does a bhikkhu dwell contemplating the body in the body? Here, bhikkhus,abhikkhu having gone to the forest, to the foot of a tree, or to a secluded place, sits down cross-legged, keeps his upper body erect . . ."

(1)Place - quiet, secluded

(2)Posture

(a)Sitting: cross-legged, straddled, or on a bench or chair

(b)Spine erect and balanced

(3)Attitude

(a)Sense of Joy

(b)Letting go of thoughts of the past or future, or even concepts of the present moment.

(c)No expectations - just be present to observe what happens.

ii)He "directs mindfulness towards the object of meditation" . . . "Ever mindful"

5)Focus on the in-breath and on the out-breath

6)A the tip of the nostril

7)Don't follow it into the body

8)Like a gatekeeper

9)See the in-breath and the out-breath at two separate things: the out-breath doesn't exist during the in-breath, and vice versa

i)Breathing in a long breath, he knows, "I breathe in long"; breathing out a long breath, he knows, "I breathe out long."Breathing in a short breath, he knows, "I breathe in short"; breathing out a short breath, he knows, "I breathe out short."

(1)Notice the length of the breath - long, short or erratic.

(2)If you are breathing long/short, KNOW you are breathing long/short.

(3)"Know" here means to know thoroughly, not superficially; to experience the breath, not to think about it.

(4)Don't manipulate the breath.Let the breath breathe itself.

ii)"Making clear the entire in-breath body, I shall breathe in," thus he makes effort [literally, he trains himself]; "making clear the entire out-breath body, I shall breath out," thus he makes effort.

(1)"Making clear" here means making the breaths known, making them plain, trying to see them vividly.

(2)"Entire" here means the beginning, the middle and the end of each in-breath and each out-breath. Keep the focus solely on the breath.

(a)Observe the impermanent nature of each in-breath and each out-breath:

10)The in-breath arises at the end of the last out-breath

11)It has a beginning, a middle and an end

12)Then it passes away and is replaced by beginning of the out-breath

(a)We begin to notice the three general characteristics of all phenomena - impermanency, unsatisfactoriness, and selflessness - as we observe each breath.

(b)As our mind strays from its object, we observe - with "bare attention" - the arising and passing away of the thought that has arisen. We notice that our attention has been diverted from our breath - that noticing is itself a moment of mindfulness. Then we gently bring our awareness back to the breath - over and over again.

13)Questions

14)Practice

15)Questions

16)Homework

a)Breath meditation - daily (afterwards, note your experiences in your journal)

b)Read the Sutra (through Mindfulness with Clear Comprehension)

c)Read Sutra Notes

17)Handouts

a)Beginning Meditation Practice: Guidelines

b)Mindfulness of Breathing Instructions

c)Postures

18)Closing Meditation